On August 31, 1864, the Battle of Atlanta begins. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On August 30, 1963, the Washington-Moscow hotline is established. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On August 29, 1786, Shays? Rebellion begins. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On August 26, 1974, President Ford endorses the Equal Rights Amendment. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On August 25, 1945, John Birch is killed in the Far East. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On August 24, 1662, England adopts the Book of Common Prayer. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On August 23, 1939, the Nazi-Soviet nonaggression pact is signed, clearing the way to World War II. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On August 22, 1964, Fannie Lou Hamer calls for an end to segregation at the Democratic National Convention. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On August 19, 1964, Barry Goldwater opens his 1964 general-election campaign. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On August 18, 1963, James Meredith graduates from the University of Mississippi. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On August 17, 1858, Abraham Lincoln defends the Declaration of Independence. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On August 16, 1941, the world reacts to the Atlantic Charter. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On August 15th, 1939, The Wizard of Oz Premieres in Hollywood. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On August 12, 1861, President Lincoln calls for a national day of prayer and fasting. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On August 11, 1890, John Henry Cardinal Newman dies. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On August 10, 1988, President Reagan apologizes for the internment of Japanese Americans during World War II. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On August 9, 1945, the second atomic bomb is used against Nagasaki. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On August 8, 1974, Richard Nixon announces his resignation. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On August 5, 1968, The Republican National Convention opens in Miami Beach. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On August 4, 1987, The Fairness Doctrine is repealed. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On August 3, 1936, Jesse Owens begins his historic Olympic streak at the Berlin games. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On August 2, 1923, Calvin Coolidge becomes president upon the death of Warren G. Harding. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On August 1, 1834, Slavery is Abolished in Much of the British Empire. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On July 29th, 1981, Prince Charles and Lady Diana Spencer marry at St. Paul?s Cathedral. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On July 28th, 1868, the 14th Amendment is certified. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On July 27th, 1940, the first Bugs Bunny cartoon is released. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On July 26th, 1953, the Cuban Revolution begins. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On July 25th, 1941, in Chicago, Illinois, Emmett Till is born. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

We?re sharing a bonus episode from our friends at Revisionist History, Malcolm Gladwell?s podcast about things misunderstood and overlooked. This season, Malcolm?s obsessed with experiments ? natural experiments, scientific experiments, thought experiments. In this preview, we learn about Paul Madden, who ran the California Bureau of Narcotic Enforcement in the 1930s. He enacted an expensive, burdensome, annoying bit of bureaucratic anti-drug hysteria known as the ?triplicate program? that made every doctor in the state miserable because it involved a lot of paperwork. But Madden insisted this kind of paperwork would save lives. Fast forward to the 90s and early 2000s, when opioids were being prescribed as painkillers at a rapid rate ? and killing tens of thousands of Americans due to overdoses. The government looked to Madden?s triplicate program as a way of preventing the epidemic. A handful of states started their own triplicate prescription programs, but most ignored the warning signs. The result was a devastating natural experiment. You can hear more from Revisionist History at https://podcasts.pushkin.fm/rhs7?sid=reflections. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On July 22nd, 1937, Franklin D. Roosevelt?s court-packing plan is defeated. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On July 21st, 1861, Union forces are defeated at Bull Run, Virginia. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On July 20th, 1944, Adolf Hitler survives an assassination attempt at Wolf?s Lair. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On July 19th, 1848, The Women?s Rights Convention opens in Seneca Falls, New York. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On July 18th, 1984, a gunman opens fire at a McDonald?s in San Ysidro, California. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On July 15th, 1945, in New Mexico, the United States prepares for the first atomic bomb test. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On July 14th, 1963, New York Governor Nelson Rockefeller attacks the ?Radical Right? of His Own Party. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On July 13th, 1787, the Continental Congress passes the Northwest Ordinance, setting a new policy on slavery. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On July 12, 1864, the Battle of Fort Stevens threatens Washington, D.C. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On July 11, 1979, the American Space Station Skylab Disintegrates. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On July 8th, 1947, the Roswell, New Mexico, ?flying saucer? report goes public. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On July 7, 1981, Ronald Reagan appoints Sandra Day O?Connor to the Supreme Court. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On July 6, 1962, in Bayhalia Mississippi, William Faulkner dies. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On July 5, 1852, Frederick Douglass speaks in Rochester, New York. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On July 1, 1863, the Battle of Gettysburg begins. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On June 30, 1966, the National Organization for Women is founded. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

June 29th, The Feast Day of Saints Peter and Saint Paul. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On June 28, 1914, Archduke Franz Ferdinand is assassinated in Sarajevo. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On June 27, 1927, in Lynbrook, New York? Bob Keeshan, ?Captain Kangaroo,? is born. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On June 24th, 1990, The Catholic Church discusses excommunicating politicians who disagree with the church on abortion rights To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

On June 23rd, 1972, Richard Nixon conspires to cover up the Watergate investigation. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices