“Should we stop evangelizing to other religions?” This question arises amid discussions on secularism and the Gospel. The episode also addresses Bishop Barron’s critique of cardinals on conversion, strategies for engaging with Jehovah’s Witnesses, and how to connect with Catholics who may not fully embrace their faith.

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Questions Covered:

00:34 – Bishop Barron criticized two cardinals who say the Church isn’t there to convert people. What do you make of it? 16:11 – In prosperous societies like Australia, New Zealand and Europe, how do we answer the rampant secularism? 21:30 – Two Jehovah’s Witnesses came to my house and want to come back. Do you have any tips on how to share the Gospel with them? 28:28 – My Muslim Uber driver tried to do dawah on me on my way to Mass. I told him conversion to Christianity is a spiritual, heart conversion, but I felt I was too abrupt. 45:19 – I’m Catholic, but not all the way Catholic. How can I reach Catholics who aren’t really into the Bible and live like the world the rest of the week?

“What are the five solas of Protestantism, and how does a Catholic respond to them?” This question opens a discussion on key theological differences, while also addressing the rich young ruler’s inquiry about eternal life and the role of baptism in salvation. Additionally, the conversation touches on Marian dogmas and the implications of unconditional election in Catholic teaching.

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Questions Covered:

01:39 – What are the five solas of Protestantism, and how does a Catholic respond to them? 15:24 – When the rich young ruler asked Jesus, “What must I do to inherit eternal life?” was that a salvation question? 18:43 – When someone asks me, “Brother, are you saved?” I say yes — baptism saves us, I was baptized as an infant, so I’m saved unless I lose it. What would you say? 21:07 – How would you answer the Protestant theology of unconditional election from Church teaching? 34:21 – I’m going through OCIA. I don’t disagree with the Marian dogmas, I just don’t understand them. Can I still have assurance of salvation if I accept the Church’s teaching and authority? 46:09 – Why does the opportunity for salvation end at death?

“How would you convince Joyce Carol Oates that we truly believe in the real presence?” This question opens a discussion on the significance of the Eucharist in Catholic faith. Other topics include the proper approach for those considering conversion, the reasons behind the different Eucharistic prayers, and the role of Extraordinary Ministers of Holy Communion.

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Questions Covered:

01:17 – How would you convince Joyce Carol Oates that we truly believe in the real presence? 15:02 – I’m not Catholic yet. I want to convert but I’m a leader of my church community. When I go to mass to I go up to receive a blessing, or should I stay in the pew? If I go through OCIA, why would I get pulled from mass to go to a class during the consecration? 28:47 – Why are 4 different eucharistic prayers and who chooses which prayer to pray? It’s hard to follow. 34:08 – Who is supposed to lead the Entrance Antiphon and Communion Antiphon. Is it the priest of the congregation? 41:21 – What is the Church’s stance of receiving communion from Extraordinary Ministers of Holy Communion? Is there a difference in receiving communion from them and a priest or deacon? 45:53 – When offering prayers before mass, how many offerings can you offer up? 49:41 – No question, but something about language. What don’t you understand about metaphor? All language has some form of it. That includes Hebrew, Greek and English. Get real

“What’s the earliest evidence for transubstantiation?” This question opens a discussion on the historical foundations of the Eucharist, including insights into the evidence for the Eucharist itself and the theological implications of whether Catholics are re-sacrificing Jesus. The conversation also touches on why certain individuals are denied communion and the protective nature of the Mass for those who may not attend regularly.

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Questions Covered:

02:30 – What’s the earliest evidence outside the Bible for transubstantiation? 14:29 – What’s the evidence for the Eucharist? 19:17 – Are Catholics re-sacrificing Jesus? 22:02 – Why do people get denied communion like politicians or gay couples when Jesus didn’t even deny communion to Judas? 36:25 – How much protection does the mass provide to a person who doesn’t always attend but feels like their childhood Catholicism holds them safe? 45:26 – Catholics claim that the Road to Emmaus is about eucharist but Jesus told the followers to touch him knowing he is real. If you take this same logic to the eucharist, the host feels nothing like Jesus therefore the story cannot be about the eucharist. Thoughts?

“How do Protestants justify the 5 Solas?” This question opens a discussion on the foundational beliefs that shape Protestant theology, while also addressing the implications of adding other elements to these principles. The conversation further explores the differences between nominalism and realism, recommendations for Lutherans considering Catholicism, and the need for a modern reformation among Protestants.

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Questions Covered:

01:00 – How do protestants justify the 5 solas? if you use other things it does away with the sola part, doesn’t it? 13:48 – Are the differences in nominalism and realism a way to explain the theological differences between Catholics and Protestants? 23:57 – I’m Lutheran looking to come into the Catholic faith. What reading material do you recommend? 40:40 – Do you think today’s modern-day protestants are in need of a reformation? 48:29 – I don’t think the issue of the reformation is black and white. Is it possible the Church admitted its own shortcomings during the conflict?

“Did the Protestant Reformation fail?” This question opens a discussion on the Reformation’s goals and outcomes, including insights on whether it succeeded. The conversation also touches on Penal substitutionary atonement versus St. Anselm’s model, and reflections on Luther’s trial and the implications of his teachings.

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Questions Covered:

04:14 – Did the Protestant Reformation succeed in its goal? 19:43 – I’m in OCIA from a reformed background. Can you explain Penal substitutionary atonement compared to St. Anselm’s model? 29:39 – I think it’s a shame that the conversation wasn’t had with Luther but instead he was put on trial. What are your thoughts on this? 42:01 – I grew up MO synod Lutheran and believe that the reformation was not successful at all. I think that all teaching was completely undermined and led to disaster. What are your thoughts on that? 48:11 – What prompted Luther’s journey in the wrong direction?

“How did the Church Fathers teach about the Eucharist?” The early Church Fathers provided profound insights into Jesus’ real presence in the Eucharist, even during His earthly ministry, as seen at the Last Supper. Additionally, the discussion touches on the diversity among the Fathers and their perceived radicalism compared to modern interpretations, as well as the relationship between the Fathers and the Protestant Reformers.

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Questions Covered:

12:30 – How did the Church Fathers explain Jesus’ real presence in the Eucharist when Jesus was still alive (like at the Last Supper)? 24:00 – In the early centuries of Christianity there seems to be a great diversity of persons among the Church fathers, and that got lost somewhere along the line in the West. It seems like the Fathers were a bit more radical, then they became a bit more “clean cut.” I feel like the modern Church could use a bit more of that original radicalism. What do you think? 33:18 – It seems like the Church Fathers were so obviously Catholic. Did the Protestant Reformers just ignore them? 44:15 – What is your opinion on why the Church Fathers are so ignored by modern Protestants? 49:45 – The Church Fathers can be surprisingly easy to read, and they are great teachers.

“Does Jesus allow divorce for adultery?” This question opens a discussion on the complexities of marriage and fidelity in the light of faith. Other topics include the implications of same-sex attraction in cases of infidelity, personal stories of healing after infidelity, and the challenges faced by those in long-term marriages affected by past divorces.

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Questions Covered:

01:40 – Does Jesus permit divorce in cases of adultery? 29:03 – What if the adultery was happening with a person of the same sex? Would the fact that the person is gay make it an illicit marriage? 33:15 – I have experienced infidelity. My husband and I have been getting help in saving our marriage. I just want to give hope and encouragement to others who might be struggling. 44:31 – I’ve been married for 31 years. My husband had been married before and was divorced (adultery played a part on both sides). They thought they were divorced, but there was a clerical error, so we just found out they are still married. We have been living as roommates for 15 years. Can I leave him? 49:50 – My husband was unfaithful in the beginning of our marriage but God turned it around and our marriage is so much stronger because of it now.

“What do Oriental Orthodox believe?” This episode delves into their views on Christ’s nature and the significance of saints, while also addressing the misunderstandings surrounding terms like “monophysitism.” Additionally, the discussion touches on Marian dogmas and the beliefs regarding post-death purgation, providing a comprehensive look at these rich theological perspectives.

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Questions Covered:

04:20 – All these beliefs that end in “-physitism” – what’s that all about? 10:19 – What do Oriental Orthodox believe about the nature of Christ? 16:00 – How do we understand the saints and condemnations on each side? 18:00 – Do Catholics and Oriental Orthodox agree on Marian dogmas? 23:00 – What do young Oriental Orthodox men argue about with Catholics online? 29:30 – Why would it be wrong to call an Oriental Orthodox a monophysite? 33:17 – What do they believe about post-death purgation? 44:00 – Do they have a valid Eucharist? 50:30 – Do they baptize and confirm at the same time? 53:30 – How about communion in an emergency? 54:13 – How do we get the band back together?

“Who are the Oriental Orthodox?” This question opens a discussion on the distinct churches within this family and their differences from Eastern Orthodox churches. The conversation also touches on their shared history with Rome, the significance of the Council of Chalcedon in 451, and the theological distinctions between “miaphysitism” and “monophysitism.”

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Questions Covered:

03:30 – Who are the Oriental Orthodox? Which churches belong to this family, and how do they differ from the Eastern Orthodox churches most Catholics are more familiar with? 04:45 – What is our shared history? Before the separation, how were these churches connected to Rome, and what contributions did they make to early Christianity? 06:23 – What happened at Chalcedon in 451? 12:00 – What role did the pope play in the controversy? Why was Pope Leo the Great’s Tome accepted at Chalcedon but rejected by its opponents? 16:00 – What is the difference between “miaphysitism” and “monophysitism”? Why do Oriental Orthodox Christians object to being called monophysites, and do they affirm that Jesus is fully God and fully man? 21:50 – Having a little grace with each other. 29:45 – Areas of agreement. 31:35 – How central is the papacy to the remaining disagreement? What authority do Oriental Orthodox Christians recognize in the bishop of Rome, and where do they reject Catholic claims about primacy and infallibility? 35:30 – Rejection of universal jurisdiction 37:40 – How did it become a permanent division? 43:19 – How did the spread of Islam affect the division? 52:35 – Do you think we’re getting closer on the ground level? Or is it just on the Vatican commission level?

“Is there salvation outside the Church?” This question leads to a discussion on the Church’s teachings, including why the understanding shifted after Vatican II. Other topics include the implications of divorce and remarriage for becoming Catholic, the Protestant perspective on Mary, and how to engage with a new Mormon neighbor about the faith.

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Questions Covered:

01:48 – I’m a traditional Catholic who goes to an FSSP Mass. Why did the Church always teach there’s no salvation outside the Church until they changed in at Vatican II? 16:23 – Doesn’t divorce and remarriage preclude a person from becoming Catholic? Someone could just go to the Orthodox Church and get the Eucharist there. 29:00 – Why are Protestants so against Mary? 40:30 – I have a new Mormon neighbor. Any tips on how I can engage him about the faith? And what topics might I be prepared to discuss with him?

“How should Catholics respond to non-Catholics?” This episode addresses the essential question every Catholic should be prepared to answer, while also tackling how to engage with friends from different faith backgrounds, the role of faith in salvation, and the Church’s teaching on indulgences.

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Questions Covered:

03:18 – What’s the one question every Catholic should be ready to answer? 16:33 – My grandparents are JWs. A friend is a Oneness Pentecostal. What would be the best way to convince them to become Catholic? 29:30 – I am a member of a baptist Church, but I am also in OCIA. How should I respond to friends to ask why be Catholic — isn’t faith in Jesus enough? 39:40 – I am moving to the deep south. How can I be prepared to defend the faith there where there are not a lot of Catholics? 44:41 – Why does the Church offer plenary indulgences when one of the conditions is complete detachment from venial sin, and nobody can really know if they have attained that? Doesn’t the Church have a responsibility to equip people to know when they have attained the indulgence?

“Can salvation be conditional?” This question opens a discussion on the Catholic understanding of salvation in relation to mortal sin and good works, contrasting it with Protestant views. Other topics include the perceived contradictions in church teachings from the council of Ephesus, and the implications of church discipline regarding family members with same-sex attraction.

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Questions Covered:

01:56 – Struggling with the view of Salvation. How does the protestant view of salvation contradict and make sense with the view of a Catholic that there is mortal sin and venial sin and salvation is conditional and how does it tie in good works? 12:49 – Believes the Catholic church contradicted the council of Ephesus…( his sources: Isaiah 19, and counsel of Ephesus and council of Chalcedon. Does not understand the connection between Christology regarding Isaiah 19 and prophecy on the church.) 31:09 – Is in OCIA- What does church teaching have to do with cutting family members off due to sexual orientation. Can people enact church discipline? Her understanding that only a church body can do that not people individually. 44:28 – John 6 is used in favor of the Catholic view of the Eucharist. However he is unsure of this. And would contend that John 6 is an argument against the Catholic view of the Eucharist.

“Is Catholicism just extra steps?” This question opens a discussion on the unique aspects of Catholic faith, grace, and morality. Other topics include the interpretation of the Queen of Heaven in Jeremiah, the nature of the Church as the Biblical community, and concerns about Catholic moral teachings regarding consent and natural law.

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Questions Covered:

03:00 – I think Catholicism is just Christianity with extra steps. 14:36 – Is the Catholic Church the Biblical church or are the people the Biblical church? 1 Cor 3: 16-17 31:53 – Has a problem with the Catholic Moral teaching. Caths remove consent from Moral theology and use the excuse of natural order as a way to excuse bigotry and the things the church supports. 43:32 – We are saved by faith through grace. He does not know anything that contradicts that. He does know that being saved is conditional in Catholicism and this is why he is not a Catholic.

Catholic Answers Live continues its ranking of Marian apparitions by examining some of the most significant and widely discussed cases, including Kibeho, Akita, Fatima, and Zeitoun. The episode explains how the Church evaluates each apparition, what level of approval they have received, and what spiritual lessons Catholics can legitimately draw from them while remaining rooted in Church authority and doctrine.

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Questions Covered:

18:15 – Kibeho 29:00 – Akita 40:43 – Fatima 44:29 – Zeitoun

This Catholic Answers Live episode explores how the Church evaluates and ranks Marian apparitions, explaining the official categories used to judge reported visions and whether Catholics are required to believe them. The discussion also examines specific and controversial cases, including Fr. Michel Rodrigue, La Salette, and Medjugorje, helping listeners understand how the Church discerns authenticity, safeguards the faithful, and distinguishes approved devotion from private revelation.

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Questions Covered:

04:50 – What categories does the Church classify apparitions into? 11:25 – Are we required to believe them? 16:19 – Fr. Michel Rodrigue 38:31 – La Salette 49:05 – Mejugorje

“Every Objection to The Papacy Answered” This episode dives into the role of Peter and the significance of Rome in the context of papal authority. Explore questions like whether the Bible indicates Peter’s presence in Rome and how 1 Peter 5:13 supports this claim, along with discussions on the implications of Paul rebuking Peter and the nature of papal fallibility.

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Questions Covered:

03:00 – Is the papacy unbiblical or a temporary office? 07:30 – Does the Bible ever say Peter went to Rome? 11:30 – How does 1 Peter 5:13 support Peter’s presence in Rome? 14:30 – Did Peter and Paul really found the church in Rome together? 16:30 – Does Paul rebuking Peter disprove papal authority? 19:30 – Can a pope be fallible or rebuked for his actions? 23:00 – Is the real Protestant objection that we don’t need structure, sacraments, or hierarchy? 25:30 – What does the temple veil really mean for Christian worship? 29:00 – If Jesus is the only mediator, why do we have priests or popes? 32:30 – Does the Eucharist show that Christian priesthood is still valid? 36:00 – What’s the real difference between Catholicism and Orthodoxy on the papacy? 39:30 – Is the Pope really just “first among equals”? 42:00 – What does Irenaeus say about Rome’s authority and apostolic succession? 45:00 – Did Pope John Paul II suggest the papacy could look different in the future? 47:30 – Is the complexity of the modern papacy a sign of corruption or growth? 50:00 – Does celibacy contradict Peter’s example? 53:00 – Was Peter actually married during his apostleship? 55:00 – Is the Pope the Antichrist and the Church the Whore of Babylon?

“Every Objection to The Papacy Answered” This episode explores the complexities of papal authority, addressing questions like whether the papacy is unbiblical and if Peter was ever in Rome. Tune in as we also delve into the implications of Paul’s relationship with Peter and the significance of “Babylon” in 1 Peter 5:13.

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Questions Covered:

03:22 – Why do people object to the Pope’s role in the Church? 06:40 – Isn’t the papacy unbiblical and not meant to persist beyond Peter? 10:35 – Does the Bible ever say Peter was in Rome? 14:20 – What does “Babylon” mean in 1 Peter 5:13, and how is that connected to Rome? 17:15 – Didn’t Paul co-found the Church in Rome with Peter? 20:05 – Paul rebuked Peter—doesn’t that undermine papal authority? 25:18 – Was Peter’s behavior in Antioch heretical or just scandalous? 30:40 – Doesn’t Galatians 2 show Peter as just another apostle, not a leader? 34:25 – Why do Protestants say we don’t need a Pope if Jesus tore the temple veil? 39:12 – Does Jesus as sole mediator mean there’s no place for the Pope or priests? 43:50 – Why is Hebrews 10 crucial to properly understanding the torn temple veil? 47:00 – Is priesthood abolished in the New Testament? 50:10 – What does 1 Corinthians 10 tell us about sacrifice, the Eucharist, and priests? 54:45 – Why is there a structural Protestant objection to the papacy?

“What is the role of the Holy Spirit in the sacraments?” This episode explores the vital connection between the Holy Spirit and the sacraments, while also addressing how to explain their significance to non-Catholics, the necessity of certain sacraments for salvation, and the relationship between sacraments and the Church’s authority.

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Questions Covered:

03:00 – What is the role of the Holy Spirit in the sacraments? 12:15 – How can we explain the importance of the sacraments to someone who is not Catholic? 22:45 – Are there any sacraments that are not necessary for salvation? 35:30 – How do the sacraments relate to the concept of faith and works? 47:00 – Can you discuss the relationship between the sacraments and the Church’s authority?

“Are Sacraments Biblical?” This episode tackles the claim that the Catholic Church’s seven sacraments lack biblical support, addressing foundational questions about God’s grace through outward signs. Discover the scriptural basis for baptism’s saving power, the distinct nature of Confirmation, and the authority behind Confession, all rooted in Scripture.

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Questions Covered:

07:00 – Some Christians claim the Catholic Church’s seven sacraments aren’t in the Bible at all. How do you respond to that broad objection? 17:00 – Let’s start at the foundation — where in Scripture do we see the idea that God communicates grace through outward signs? 23:40 – Baptism is accepted by most Christians, but Catholics see it as more than a symbol. What’s the biblical evidence for baptism actually saving us? 42:28 – Many people say Confirmation is just a Catholic “add-on.” What are the scriptural roots for a sacrament distinct from baptism? 06:23 – When it comes to the Eucharist, the biblical debate can get intense. How do you show from Scripture that Jesus meant His words—“This is my body”—literally? 16:50 – But what about when Jesus says, “Do this in remembrance of me”? Doesn’t that prove that the Eucharist merely a meal in which we recollect on the tings that Jesus did? 29:20 – Confession to a priest is one of the hardest for non-Catholics to accept. Where does the Bible show that God gave men the authority to forgive sins? 32:50 – Anointing of the Sick is sometimes seen as “Last Rites” only. How do the Scriptures present this sacrament, and does it match Catholic practice? 41:42 – Marriage as a sacrament—some say the Bible just sees it as a natural institution. How do you show from Scripture that it’s a channel of grace? 48:10 – Holy Orders—where in the Bible do we see a distinct, ordained priesthood in the New Covenant?

“What does God mean by tragedy?” This question opens a discussion on the nature of suffering and divine purpose, especially in light of recent events like the tragic death of Father Sánchez Molinari. The conversation also addresses the logical coherence of the Trinity and how to reconcile Old Testament references with New Testament revelations, alongside the requirements for receiving the Eucharist.

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Questions Covered:

01:00 – I don’t know if you heard about Father Sánchez Molinari. He was a priest in Ecuador who unfortunately passed away this Sunday because a crucifix hanging from the church ceiling fell on top of him. My atheist friends are asking, what did God mean by this? What should I say to them? 17:20 – How can the trinity be logically coherent/consistent? How can the contradictions about the Trinity with the Old Testament be reconciled? Isaiah 45:5. In 10 commandments “I” Hebrew Singular in all these instances what is written is the Hebrew singular 33:48 – If there is no way to prove that the Apostles were in a state of Grace during the Last Supper how can the Catholic church require people to be in a state of Grace to receive the Eucharist?

“What is needed for salvation?” This question opens a discussion on the relationship between faith, works, and grace in the Catholic understanding of salvation. The conversation also addresses the Protestant view on salvation by faith, the Catholic Church’s teachings on what it means to be saved, and the contrasting perspectives of Paul and Aquinas on human nature.

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Questions Covered:

03:08 – The protestants are correct in saying that salvation is received by faith. 19:15 – What is needed for salvation according to the Catholic Church? What do you think it means to be saved and is salvation Eternal? 36:05 – Paul in one Epistle says- man is evil from the start and man in eternity is evil. Aquinas is stating man in essence is good. How do both relate? If Aquinas claims man in essence is good, but Paul states no man is good, then is the only good one God? 51:51 – How are we saved by our works as stated by James- not just faith alone?

“Why do we reject ‘Gay Marriage’?” This question opens a discussion on the Church’s teachings regarding marriage and sexuality, addressing the distinction between sin and chastity for homosexuals. The conversation also touches on the Church’s moral authority amid scandals and seeks clarity on the definition of marriage, balancing compassion with doctrinal beliefs.

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Questions Covered:

02:45 – Why do we reject “Gay Marriage”? 13:54 – I understand that the physical act of homosexuality is a sin. Why is it okay to be a chaste homosexual? 22:40 – How can the Catholic church with all the scandals, dictate morality in marriage? 29:57 – Can you clarify what the definition of a marriage is? 37:03 – How does the moral aspects of sexuality integrate with the doctrines and dogmas that Catholics must agree to? 42:48 – How do we balance compassion with saying this is disorder? 48:18 – What can I do because in reality I can’t say anything? How can I respond when samesex couples share news of pregnancy?

This show including a response to criticisms from a Joe Rogan guest and the complexities surrounding John Paul II’s teachings, such as the luminous mysteries and his interactions with minority groups. The conversation also touches on the impact of personalism on JPII’s papacy and the nuances of Mother Teresa’s legacy.

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Questions Covered:

02:00 – Response to Joe Rogan guest slandering Mother Teresa 15:23 – John Paul II instituted the luminous mysteries, but some traditional Catholics won’t pray them. Is refusing to pray them disobedient to him as a Pope? 22:21 – John Paul II met with every group except for homosexuals or those with AIDS. Am I correct on this? 32:38 – I heard a story that JPII sent a pope mobile to Mother Teresa. I heard she sold it, is this true? 43:04 – I wonder how the philosophy of personalism affected JPII’s teachings and papacy? 50:53 – Mother Teresa did care for the people, but she did nothing to change their suffering and situation. How do you reconcile this?

“Who should read about Catholic marriage and prayer?” Understanding the resources available for modern Catholic marriage can be crucial, especially when navigating disputes and the complexities of communication with your spouse. Additionally, questions arise about the efficacy of prayer and whether the reality of hell should be used in evangelization efforts.

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Questions Covered:

04:49 – Who would you recommend reading on successful modern Catholic marriage? What is the proper way to handle disputes or disagreements? Secular marriage advice is pretty awful. Are you supposed to just suffer and pray? Isn’t it lying to just bear all things without saying anything to your spouse when you are hurt or repeatedly upset about things? That is the advice I get from my priest: to pray and bear all things. But who can bottle things up over and over? I make it about three to four weeks and then crack. 19:30 – Jimmy, this is a bigger question, I suppose, but I have been thinking about the efficacy of prayer. Not that praying doesn’t matter, but asking for things to happen in prayer seems complex: “Why isn’t my prayer answered?” “Thank God, my prayer was answered.” “Pray harder.” “She’s a saintly person, and God listens to her prayers.” I think that, in the big picture, God isn’t cashing checks or picking winners and losers like that. To me, prayer is more about us and our relationship with God and less about winning or losing some spiritual game. I’m interested in your thoughts. 30:26 – Should Catholics try to use the reality of hell to get people to convert to the faith? I heard a traditional priest advocating that we should, but it seems ineffective and even counterproductive to me. 36:28 – This is probably stupid, but how do I know I’m supposed to join the religious life? What are the steps to join? This is driving me crazy. 42:55 – Why do so many people say “grevious” (GREE-vee-ous) instead of “grievous” (GREE-vus) during the general confession at Mass?

“How do I heal from trauma?” Healing from psychological wounds can be challenging, especially when support is limited. This episode addresses how to navigate this journey with God’s help, while also discussing when to seek spiritual direction and the role of spiritual directors. Additionally, the conversation touches on the interpretation of Jesus’ “whatever” question in Matthew and the distinctions between Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy.

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Questions Covered:

01:19 – If I’m trying to heal from trauma and psychological wounds (with no access to therapy, no friends, and only God to help), how do I go about it? How do I make sure I don’t dig myself in deeper, for example by misunderstanding a teaching because of that trauma? In any case, it makes it hard to see things clearly. Slightly related: When, if ever, should one meet with a spiritual director? Who benefits from a spiritual director? Who are spiritual directors (for example, a layperson, a priest, a nun)? 15:50 – How should Catholics treat the “whatever” question? In Matthew 16:19 Jesus says whatever you bind on earth will be bound in heaven and whatever you loose on earth will be loosed in heaven. There are no apparent terms, conditions, or limitations on what this “whatever” is in the surrounding text. If you look at Matthew 18:18, it’s pretty clear Jesus is talking specifically about sin, but in addition to being its own can of worms, that leaves out important things like ritual and sacramental practices, church disciplines, governance, canon, etc. And if you look at the Council of Jerusalem in Acts, the Church makes some pretty big changes when it comes to not applying Old Testament practices to Gentiles. So this suggests “whatever” goes beyond what is and isn’t a sin. 39:41 – Well, since you asked: Although I’m aware you’ve touched on this point before, a major question I often hear, particularly from young men, is why Catholicism over Eastern Orthodoxy? I’m aware of many young people who want a liturgical Christian life but are straddling the fence between East and West. I would like to hear a cogent argument, freshly given, about the need for the papacy and the magisterium, in a way that young Americans can grasp. 48:50 – In his recent encyclical, Pope Leo made a brief reference to just war theory being outdated. Can you elaborate on what he meant by that and what he’d replace it with?

“Why does the Church reject penal substitution?” This question opens a discussion on the Catholic understanding of atonement, alongside inquiries about indulgences and their relationship to works, as well as the Church’s teachings on the power of demons. Other topics include the debate on women’s ordination and the role of prayer in the Rosary.

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Questions Covered:

02:40 – Why does the Catholic Church reject the idea of penal substitutionary atonement? 14:14 – I don’t understand indulgences. It seems like that is being saved by works. 21:35 – What does the church teach about the power of demons? It seems like compared to the power of the Lord it would be hardly anything. 29:45 – I disagree with the prohibition against women’s ordination. There was an early deaconess named Julia and the Church changed her name to Julian to try to pretend she was a man. And I hear Catholics cite the idea that Jesus was a male so priests must be male, but we also use the language of the Church being a bride — well, there are men in the bride, so why couldn’t a woman be a priest? 41:52 – I’m in OCIA. But I don’t think we should be praying the Rosary because it’s not in the Bible. 48:29 – I’m a baby catechist. I have a problem believing in the supernaturality Jesus, like hearing about him appearing places and walking through walls.

Dr. Karlo responds to a recent incident, where a pastor has kids destroy statues of Mary. The discussion also touches on how to pray to saints without crossing into idolatry, the peculiarities of displaying relics, and the complexities surrounding the infallibility of the pope amidst differing approaches from recent leaders.

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Questions Covered:

00:30 – Reaction to video: Protestant pastor has kids smash statues of Mary 17:55 – I’m in OCIA, converting from a lot of Protestant churches. How do I pray to the saints without accidentally making it idolatrous? 22:51 – I have a tough time seeing Fulton Sheen’s jaw out on parade. It just seems weird. 35:30 – Religions were our first attempts to explain the universe. Then we invented science and realised how wrong we were. 44:18 – Is it a desecration to remove body parts from deceased saints and put them reliquaries? 50:25 – I’m in OCIA. I’m struggling with the idea of the infallibility of the pope. The last several popes had such different approaches to leading the church — how could they all be infallible?

“How do you justify replacing Holy Days?” This question leads to a discussion on the evolution of celebrations and supposed connections to pagan roots. Additionally, the conversation touches on how the Catholic Church fulfills the fivefold ministry of Ephesians 4:11 in the absence of the Apostles and explores historical evidence regarding the journeys of Apostles like Peter and John.

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Questions Covered:

04:55 – As a “Primitive Christian,” how do you justify replacing 1st-century Holy Days with modern celebrations that have pagan roots? 29:00 – If Apostles no longer exist, how does the Catholic Church fulfill the fivefold ministry of Ephesians 4:11? 40:12 – Is there historical evidence of where Apostles like Peter and John went to spread Christianity? 45:12 – Are there any early church writings regarding Mary?

“What is the earliest Christian document outside of the Bible?” This question opens a discussion on the foundational texts of Christianity, including insights into early Church Fathers and their teachings. The conversation also touches on the perspectives of early church fathers regarding sola scriptura, the Catholic view on the death penalty in light of Genesis 9:6, and the practice of praying to saints in the early Church.

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Questions Covered:

03:16 – What is the earliest Christian document outside of the Bible? 11:30 – Were there early church fathers that taught sola scriptura? St. Ambrose wrote “how are we to have recourse to things that are not in Holy writ?” 15:09 – How do Catholics view the death penalty as it relates to Genesis 9:6? Why do Catholics not require non-resistance, given that it was taught by the Pre-Nicene Fathers? 30:42 – How did the early Church and its bishops view praying to the saints in the first few centuries? 42:26 – Recommended Church Fathers Reading for New Catholics 48:11 – Does the Modern “Way International” Have Any Relation to the Early Church’s “The Way”?

“Why do Catholics believe in the Real Presence?” This question opens a discussion on the literal interpretation of the Eucharist, contrasting with symbolic views held by others. Additionally, the conversation addresses doubts stemming from differing ministries and provides clarity on the role of saints in Catholic faith, including responses to misconceptions about their intercessory power.

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Questions Covered:

01:32 – I am experience doubt, specifically Fr. James Martin ministry. I am coming from a protestant background so I am shocked. 15:10 – Why do Catholics take the Real Presence literally while others take it as symbols? 21:00 – She said that praying to the Saints is giving them the power of God. How can I respond?

“Do saints go to purgatory?” This question is addressed alongside discussions about the implications of becoming Catholic for one’s ministry and the definition of saints in scripture. The episode also touches on the relationship between the narrow way Jesus described and the Catholic Church’s size and wealth, as well as the concept of infallibility and its reasoning.

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Questions Covered:

11:48 – My OCIA class shared that Saints don’t go to purgatory. Is this true? 21:26 – I don’t know what would happen to my ministry if I became Catholic. 28:45 – According to scripture, saints are all believers in Christ, not just people the pope decided were special. 35:35 – If Jesus said the way is narrow, how does that relate to the Catholic church. It is a large and wealthy institution. 49:10 – I am confused about circular reasoning behind the infallibility of the catholic church.

“Doesn’t the thief on the cross prove sacraments are optional?” This question raises important considerations about the necessity of sacraments in the Catholic faith. Other topics discussed include the origins of private confession and concerns about the seal of confession potentially protecting criminals, as well as the relationship between penance and the concept of grace.

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Questions Covered:

01:20 – Doesn’t the thief on the cross prove the whole sacramental system is optional? So why should any of us bother with the sacrament? 06:16 – Isn’t private confession a medieval invention, not something apostolic? (Doesn’t history show the confessional isn’t apostolic at all?) 15:01 – Isn’t the seal of confession a dangerous rule that shields criminals? (How is that not dangerous — protecting criminals and endangering the public?) 22:37 – Isn’t assigning penance works-righteousness that denies ‘Christ paid it all’? (Isn’t penance just topping up a payment Jesus already made in full?) 41:51 – But confession, penance, absolution sounds like works you perform to earn your way back. Isn’t that the opposite of the gospel?

“Why confess to a priest?” This question addresses the role of the priesthood in the sacrament of reconciliation. Other topics include the concept of the priesthood of all believers and whether John 20 implies that apostles merely announce forgiveness rather than absolve sins. The discussion also touches on the continuity of apostolic authority and the necessity of the sacrament.

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Questions Covered:

01:51 – Why do I have to confess to a priest — can’t I go straight to Jesus? 07:45 – Why a special priest at all — aren’t all believers priests? (The priesthood of all believers — doesn’t that make every Christian a priest, with no need for an absolving clergy-caste?) 18:30 – Doesn’t John 20 just mean the apostles announce forgiveness, not absolve? (Couldn’t that just mean they PROCLAIM God’s forgiveness — preach it — rather than personally absolve?) 24:50 – Even if it’s real absolution power God gave the Apostles, why think it passed on after the apostles died? (Where does Scripture say it passes on, instead of dying with the Twelve?) 38:38 – When the Bible instructs us to confess our sins isn’t that a reference to mutual accountability among believers — not kneeling before an ordained man? 49:31 – If perfect contrition already forgives, isn’t the sacrament unnecessary?

“Is there a connection between prophets and modern seers?” This question opens a discussion on the links between Old Testament prophets and contemporary figures like those at Fatima and Medjugorje, while also touching on the implications for the book of Numbers. Additional topics include the presence of errors in the book of Judith and the nature of scriptural inerrancy.

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Questions Covered:

06:29 – Is there a connection between OT Bible prophets and modern day seers like at Fatima and Medjugorje? How does this then relate to the book of numbers? 19:42 – Why is the book of Judith in scripture when it contains errors? 32:24 – Does the inerrancy of scripture have to ascend beyond assertions? 46:21 – What does the mark of the beast have to do with the American dollar being irrelevant and declining in the future? How can someone discern the predictions in Revelations in revelation?

“Did Paul say women can’t teach?” This question opens a discussion on the role of women in the Church, alongside inquiries about the Vulgate’s Old Testament books recognized by Orthodox traditions and the significance of Sirach 45:1-5 in relation to the Tree of Life. Additionally, the episode addresses how to evaluate new Bible translations and the Catholic perspective on the Protoevangelium of James.

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Questions Covered:

01:55 – Paul says women shouldn’t be allowed to teach, so why do we allow women to teach? 20:08 – Of all the copies of the vulgate printed, did any of them have books in the OT recognized by the Orthodox? 23:20 – Sirach 45:1-5 mentions the law of life and knowledge. Is this an allusion to the Tree of Life in the Garden of Eden? 37:33 – How do we evaluate the quality of new Bible translations? 49:46 – How Catholics should view thew Protoevangelium of James?

“How do you prove God exists?” This question opens a discussion on the nature of faith and evidence, addressing concerns about absolute proof for God’s existence. The conversation also touches on how to engage with atheists in a university setting without compromising one’s beliefs, the history of the Black Mass, and the intriguing reactions of demons to Jesus.

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Questions Covered:

04:25 – How do you answer the person who says they want absolute proof for God? 14:48 – I’m a university student and there is an atheist association here. I try to interact with them. I see some theists using a more inflammatory approach, and I see others who are perhaps not confrontational enough. How do I stand my ground without becoming a doormat? 32:58 – What is the history of the Black Mass? It seems like more Black Mass people believe in the real presence than some Catholics. 40:50 – Whenever a demon sees Jesus they say “I know who you are.”

“What would it look like if I went to Mass in the year 100 AD?” This question opens a fascinating exploration of early Christian worship. The discussion also touches on the differences between a sermon and a homily, the Church’s view of the Mass as a re-presentation of Christ’s sacrifice, and the role of indulgences in Catholic belief.

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Questions Covered:

01:30 – What would it look like if I went to Mass in the year 100 AD? 13:18 – What is the difference between a sermon and a homily? I don’t understand the function of the homily in the Mass. 16:42 – What is the Church’s view of understanding the Mass as a re-presentation of the sacrifice of Christ? 24:44 – I’m exploring Catholicism. What could an indulgence do that Christ’s sacrifice couldn’t do? 37:05 – I’m a Protestant but have attended the Latin Mass with my son. I decided to go to a Novus Ordo Mass on my own. What is the purpose of that Mass? It felt very Protestant to me. They had guitars, men and women serving Communion, and it felt like the solemnity was missing. 48:23 – In one of the Eucharistic prayers the priest says “Father remember your servants and those who are present” or something like that. Who are the servants this prayer refers to? 52:22 – Why has it become so common for people to call The Holy Sacrifice of the Mass, “The Mass.” I feel like words matter, and just calling it “The Mass” sounds too casual to me.

“What is the best Catholic Bible translation?” This question opens a discussion on the most suitable versions for Catholic readers, while also addressing how the book of Luke was accepted despite not being penned by an Apostle. Additional topics include the authorship of Revelation as discussed by St. Irenaeus and the origins of the sacrament of marriage.

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Questions Covered:

04:05 – I’m in OCIA. What is the best Catholic translation of the Bible? 10:01 – How did we come to accept the book of Luke if it is not written by any of the Apostles? 18:53 – Why does no one bring up St. Irenaeus’ Against Heresies book 5 in regards to the authorship of the book of Revelation? 30:02 – In Gospel of Matthew “this is to fulfill the scripture” was this added after they realized who Christ was or was it written at the time when Christ was on earth? 39:37 – Assuming you are relying on Sola Scriptura, where does the sacrament of marriage come from? How did we get the “ritual” of marriage. 41:19 – How can I explain that Irenaeus wrote that Jesus died in his late 30’s or early 50’s? How can We claim Irenaeus is a reliable source when he has such a large age range for the time that Jesus died. 47:41 – What does the Bible say about predestination? What do Catholics believe?

“If the NT has an apostolic origin, why is Hebrews included since we don’t know the author?” This question opens a discussion on the complexities of biblical authorship, alongside inquiries about the exclusion of the book of Enoch despite Jesus’ references, the determination of the Bible’s canon, and the differences in biblical texts between Catholic and Protestant traditions.

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Questions Covered:

03:01 – If the NT has an apostolic origin, why is Hebrews included since we don’t know the author? 18:45 – If Jesus quoted from the book of Enoch, why did the early fathers decide to not include the book of Enoch in the Bible? 22:18 – Do we know who wrote these letters (the Epistle to the Hebrews)? And how? The writing style is different, emphasis seems to be addressed to Jewish Audience. 31:27 – How is the Canon of the Bible determined? 39:20 – If Gospel of John was written by John the Beloved why is there no reference to the Transfiguration? 47:09 – Why do we have the Apocrypha in the Catholic Bible but not Protestant? Why is the Gospel of Mary not in the Catholic Bible?

“What are the keys of the kingdom?” This question opens a discussion on the powers associated with this concept, alongside inquiries about the Church’s teachings on mass damnation and how to pray for deceased relatives. Additional topics include the significance of Marian prayers and the challenges faced by converts in the Church today.

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Questions Covered:

02:16 – I have a hard time understanding what the powers of having the keys of the kingdom? 14:29 – Does the Church have doctrine related to teaching on mass damnation? 22:28 – How can I pray for relatives that pass away? 29:20 – What is the reason behind the litany of prayers related to Mary? 41:05 – As a convert, I can feel disheartened when I see parishes publicly share support of groups against doctrine. Why isn’t there any response from the Catholic church either Bishops or individuals? 49:39 – What does physical Baptism offer that Baptism of desire does not?

“Can Baptism save us?” This question opens a discussion on the relationship between causality and salvation through Baptism. Additionally, the conversation touches on doctrines related to Guardian Angels and the evolution of teachings from the early Church Fathers to the present day, providing a rich exploration of faith and responsibility in understanding Catholic dogmas.

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Questions Covered:

15:55 – Can you explain causality in relationship with Baptism saving us? 21:10 – Can you explain any doctrine related to Guardian Angels? 29:31 – I had a disagreement with my pastor. He believed that what the early church fathers taught does not reflect the current Catholic church? Has it changed over time? 40:24 – How responsible am I to learn and speak on the Dogmas?

“How can I help a grieving friend?” Supporting someone in their time of loss can be challenging, especially when they feel upset with God. This episode also addresses the stages of forgiveness, the reasons behind suffering in relationships, and the impact of grief counseling after losing a loved one.

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Questions Covered:

18:11 – My business partner just lost his father, how can I help if he is upset with God? 21:55 – Can you help me stages of forgiveness, and does God have reasons for pairing someone with someone who is causing suffering? 32:29 – I see a counselor and I am looking to get grief counseling after my wife passed away. 47:42 – Does suffering more make you closer to God?

“When women wear the pants, do men become submissive?” This question opens a discussion on family dynamics and gender roles, while also touching on topics like the limits of women’s rights and the balance of caregiving responsibilities between men and women. Additionally, the conversation reflects on the choices of working mothers and the historical perspective of women’s roles.

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Questions Covered:

15:00 – When the woman wear the pants in the family does the man become submissive to the woman? 29:02 – When do you think women’s rights can go too far? 32:04 – Do you really think men and women can equally take care of children at home or is there a preference on primary care giver? 44:10 – What do you think about woman who work but don’t have to work but put their children in Daycare? 49:14 – How do you think a woman in 1920 Italy would react to woman today?

“What is clerical celibacy?” This question opens a discussion on the nature of this discipline within the Church. Additionally, the episode addresses the concerns of a new Catholic in the Air Force grappling with war participation and the Church’s teachings on conscientious objection and pacifism, providing a thoughtful examination of these important topics.

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Questions Covered:

01:18 – What does it mean for clerical celibacy to be a discipline? 17:42 – I’m in active duty Air Force, and a new Catholic. I now struggle with participating in war. I have filed for conscientious objector status. What does the Church actually teach about this, and can a Catholic be a pacifist? 39:49 – I just became Catholic. My family is not happy about it. My boyfriend and I want to get married but my family would be against a Catholic wedding. Any advice? 50:08 – I’m in OCIA. I noticed that during Mass sometimes the priest goes to the tabernacle to get other hosts to give out in communion. Is that okay? Does that bread turn into Jesus at the same Mass? Also is there a good resource to help me understand the Catholic approach to scripture. I grew up Baptist and I just want to understand the Catholic approach.

“Can we pray to saints?” This question opens a discussion on the biblical basis for intercessory prayer, particularly in light of sola scriptura. The episode also addresses the implications of the Immaculate Conception on Christ’s incarnation and the complexities of understanding Catholic doctrine for those drawn to the faith.

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Questions Covered:

02:05 – Jimmy, I know in recent weeks you have taken several different approaches to refuting Gavin Ortlund’s position that Christians should not pray to saints. I’d like to focus on just one area: When Ortlund argues against praying to the saints because the Bible lacks any instruction to pray to them, is that a fair standard, even for someone who accepts sola scriptura? 16:30 – If the Immaculate Conception is true, how could Christ assume sinful flesh in the incarnation? 40:00 – I feel drawn to Catholicism, but If God wants us to become Catholic, why does it seem so complex to understand? I’m reading about the filioque and all these concepts. It just a little overwhelming and I don’t feel confident in my analysis of all these doctrinal arguments.

“Is God okay with abortion?” This question leads to a discussion on the moral implications of suffering, including a case of a child born with severe neurological disorders and the decisions made by parents and doctors. The conversation also touches on the role of state voting in abortion laws, highlighting the complexities surrounding this sensitive topic.

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Questions Covered:

05:30 – “God sacrificed His only Son, so obviously He is ok with abortion. What do you say to that? 14:40 – There was a child born in Amsterdam with a great deal of suffering and profound neurological disorder. Parents and doctors agreed, and killed the child. How do you address that? 21:50 – I think the states should be able to vote on abortion.

This episode delves into the significance of the Eucharist in Catholic faith, addressing questions about its role in adoration and the nature of belief. Additional topics include the importance of faith in daily life and how to approach doubts regarding the sacraments, providing a comprehensive view of these essential aspects of Catholicism.

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“Why Not Call on Jesus Directly for Miracles??” This question opens a discussion on the role of Jesus in the context of miracles, as seen in the case of Fulton Sheen. The conversation also touches on the evolution of Church dogmas and their implications, as well as the challenges faced by those considering conversion to Catholicism, including practices like receiving Communion.

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Questions Covered:

00:30 – Joe’s visit to St Louis for the Beatification of Fulton Sheen 11:35 – You posted a short on Fulton Sheen and the miracle attributed to him. Why would those people not call on Jesus for that? 22:30 – There are dogmas that are binding now that weren’t in the early Church. How do we make that intellectual leap of that being ok? 35:38 – I’m looking to convert from Traditional Confessional Lutheranism. The Catholic churches in my are don’t allow the lay people to drink from the chalice. That’s what’s holding me back from Catholicism. 52:41 – is it intellectually honest to read the gospel into every other book of the bible?

“Is doubt normal in OCIA?” Many individuals experience uncertainty and anxiety during their faith journey. This episode also addresses the authority of the Church in determining the canon, the nature of purgatory in relation to earthly time, and the interpretation of the Old Testament in light of God’s love.

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Questions Covered:

01:40 – I’m in OCIA. I’m committed to joining but is it normal for doubts and anxiety to cloud the mind? 15:25 – How is the argument for the authority of the church in deciding the canon not circular? 29:00 – How does time in purgatory work in relation to time on earth? 41:45 – Do we take the Old Testament literally? My non-Catholic friend can’t believe that a loving God would allow those horrible things to happen? 51:06 – Is there a line where prayer to the saints can become sinful?